Thirty 30 african yam bean ayb accessions were tried in four locations in nigeria. The seeds of cream coloured african yam bean ayb and lime were purchased from oye igboeze and ogige nsukka markets, respectively in enugu state, nigeria. Finally, it suffers less damage in storage compared to cowpea. Botanically the tuber belongs to the dioscoreaceae family, in the genus, dioscorea there exist several hundred cultivars of dioscorea. Harms is an underutilized tropical african tuberous legume. Determination of some physical properties of african yam. Cultivation and use of african yam bean sphenostylis. Many smallscale producers carry out these operations manually.
Thirty african yam bean a yb sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex. Rich is a legumi nous crop found in the volta region of ghana. The african yam bean seed lectin affects the development. Morphological diversity analysis of african yam bean sphenostylis. Pdf rice researchwhich in the past had as its primary objective formato file. The influence of processing methods on the protein and cyanide content of african yam bean includes abstract and chapter one, complete project material available the influence of processing methods on the protein and cyanide content of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa abstract raw african yam bean sphenostylis. The african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst. Banigo, elsie balafama, and david barine kiinkabari. It is distinct from the mexican yam bean or simply yam bean, which grows extensively in central and south america, primarily mexico and brazil. African yam bean ayb, sphenostylis stenocarpa, is a grain legume cultivated in central african republic, zaire, east africa, and ethiopia for its tubers and in the southeastern nigeria for its edible seeds. African tuber of yam 1 tuber average sized yams, not as big as the ones in ghana or other african countries.
The ranking by significance african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa. The reasons for this are not clear, but may be attributed to toxicity present in. Kumaga introduction grain legumes constitute the main source of protein in the diets of the average ghanaian home. These are perennial herbaceous vines cultivated for the consumption of their starchy tubers in africa, asia, latin america, the caribbean and oceania.
It could then be said that african yam bean should be soaked with sodium bicarbonate which. Yam beans or jicama health benefits, facts, side effects. The mexican yam bean is a tuberous vine, grown mainly for the delicious tuber, but not for the seeds, which are toxic. Resultant seed lots from harvest per location and per replication were evaluated in the study. Evaluation of the macronutrients composition of soil, leaves and seeds of african yam bean sphenostylis sternocarpa harms. Effect of germination on the performance characteristics. Pests and diseases of african yam bean, sphenostylis. It is mainly cultivated in countries such as africa, asia, latin america, the caribbean and oceania. Cultivation and use of african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa in the volta region of ghana. The plant is a climbing vine with flat, kidneyshaped seeds, and the tubers range in weight from 0.
Materials and methods collection of samples, animals and reagents. The tuber and the leaves of the african yam bean can be fed to livestock. The pests of the vegetative stage were identified as cutworms agrotis spp, aphids aphis craccivora, grasshopper zonocerus variegates, maruca testulalis, cydia ptychora and leafrolling caterpillars sylepta derogate. Complementary foods, infants, enrichment, african yam bean, pap, agidi jollof. African yam seeds were separately soaked in solutions of alum and trona with varying concentrations 0. If you are looking for other usecases like csv to pojo etc then take a look at smooks. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa is a legume that provides nutritionally rich seeds, tubers and leaves for human consumption. However, the present study was designed to examine the effect of germination on the quality of african yam bean protein. Yam beans are loaded with vitamins and minerals, have high nutritional value, and offer many health benefits. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa hoechst ex.
Some traditional ceremonies are celebrated with yam as the major food item such the new yam festival in parts of west africa. It is believed to be one of the most important tuberous legumes in africa. Plants profile for sphenostylis stenocarpa african yam bean. The effects of soaking the seeds in different concentrations of the ash solution on proximate, mineral and anti. Pdf there are many legumes forming storage roots only few are cultivated winged bean psophocarpus tetragonolobus, yam bean. A batch of each foodgrain was picked clean, sundried, hammermilled. The supplementation of cereal based weaning foods with adequately processed african yam bean flour would help to improve their protein content and quality. Journal of food and nutrition research, 42, 121125. The best yam bean recipes on yummly vanilla bean sweet potato gratin, cucumber snacks recipe, candied yams. It is usually cultivated as a secondary crop with yam in ghana and nigeria. Acceptability of moinmoin produced from blends of african. African yam soup stew flavorful, gratifying and is easy to put together stew packed with health goodness.
Evaluation of the proximate composition and antinutritional. The genetic variability, distance and the clustering of the 30 accessions were based on twelve seed size estimates. The effect of alum and trona on the antinutritional properties of african yam bean seeds was studied. Fullfat flours processed from seeds of african yam bean ayb were evaluated for their functional properties. Green harvest provides growing information for edible and useful plants in the organic and permaculture garden. First find your database key tip is to know which institute. The african yam bean ayb is an underutilized, semicultivated crop that has failed to gain popularity comparable to that of other edible african legumes such as cowpea and pigeon pea. Foam and emulsion capacities were greatest between nacl concentrations of 02 and 04 m. African yambean appears to combine qualities that make it attractive to the farmer.
Seed metrics for genetic and shape determinations in african yam. Potentials of african yam bean the plant sphenostylis stenocarpa is one of the most important tuberous legumes of tropical africa. No food for our grandchildren university of washington. The panelist did not entirely reject, but neither liked nor disliked the 90%. Three expeditions were under taken in the region between september 1998 and march 1999 to investigate the extent of cultivation and use of the bean as the basis for research into its develop ment and promotion as a major crop.
The domestication, cultivation, and distribution of the crop are very evident in the tropics of africa 3, 9, 10, 11 where it had been reported. Morphological diversity analysis of african yam bean academia. Organoleptic and nutritional evaluation of african yam bean. African yam bean nottingham eprints university of nottingham. Jicama or climbing yam bean is a subtropical legume vine that produces crunchy, sweet tubers.
In certain tropical cultures, notably in west africa and new guinea, the yam is the primary agricultural. Yam bean pachyrhyzus erosus tubers were processed singly and mixed with cassava into different types of gari 100% yam bean gari, 75% yam bean gari, 50% yam bean gari and 25% yam bean gari. African yam bean ayb is a highly adaptable crop capable of producing growth even on. Effect of african yam bean ayb sphenostylis stenocarpa on the quality characteristic of extended meat ball. Yams are carbohydrate rich, staple tuber vegetables of west african origin. Pdf african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa nodulates. Evaluation of the macronutrients composition of soil.
The purchased dry seeds african yam bean were cleaned and sorted to remove extraneous materials and damaged seeds. These seeds can be found in colors including brown, black, and red varieties. African yam bean ayb seeds were processed into flour using some of the identified methods and the flour. Yams are native to warmer regions of both hemispheres, and several species are cultivated as staple food crops in the tropics. Currently, breeding programs do not exist to improve the genetic composition of this plant. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa feedipedia.
The 79 african yam bean accessions and countries of origin. Its immense popularity in these countries is matched by its ease of preparation and is. A few farmers who still hold some seed stocks, especially the white with blackeye pattern, plant it at the base of yam mounds in june or. The seeds were sorted and divided into 4 equal portions of 1. The dark brown coloured variety of african yam bean seeds sphenostylis stenocarpa were soaked in distilled water control and in 1,2,3,4 and 5% solutions of unripe plantain peel ash 1. The physical properties of african yam bean, like those of other grains are essential for the design and construction of equipment systems and controls for handling, harvesting, processing. African yam bean flour are suitable for breads, cakes and biscuits incorporating the flour into wheatbased products make the foods useful protein and energy sources with good nutritive value.
The tuber grows as the root source, while the yam bean develops into the pod containing 2030 seeds found above the ground. The pods are toxic when mature but can be used as a vegetable when young. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex. The quality of african yam bean seed protein has been studied in rats and chicks elegbede, 1998. African yam bean ayb african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa, is the most economically important among the seven species of sphenostylis 9 and it is one of the most important tuberous legumes. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa, which is widely cultivated in africa because of its growth capability on marginal soils, was nodulated by an endosymbiont characterized and designed. African yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa is an underutilized food legume crop in. Yams bean taste closer to an apple and are a best source of vitamin c. The anti nutritional properties of african yam bean. Yam is a major staple of the african and caribbean diet. Average daily feed intake adfi was not influenced by the processing methods table 4. The nutrient composition and organoleptic attributes of gruel based on blends of 24hour fermented wateryam wy, cocoyam cy, plantain pt, african yam bean ayb, cowpea cp, pigeon pea pp and corn c flour were examined. Top bean and yam recipes and other great tasting recipes with a healthy slant from sparkrecipes.
In morphometric and isozyme analyses, greater variability was detected among wild than among cultivated populations, and no. Effect of soaking african yam bean seeds in unripe. Pdf african yam bean ayb, sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst. The african yam bean is grown in countries of west africa such as cameroon, cote divoire, ghana, nigeria, and togo. Effect of african yam bean ayb sphenostylis stenocarpa. Abstract african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa is a legume that provides nutritionally rich seeds, tubers and leaves for human consumption. The pests attacked both the vegetative and reproductive stages of crops. Produced from blends of sorghum and african yam bean flour okoye, joseph ikechukwu, ojobor, charles chijioke abstract. African yam bean tss128 sphenostylis stenocarpa rss128 rss128.
The best african rice and beans recipes on yummly onepot beans and plantains west african flavours, onepot blackeyed beans and sweet potato recipe bean and sweet potato pottage west african flavors, onepot beans and plantains bean and plantain pottage west african flavours. In the west african yam zone, which is the principal producer on a global basis, d. Yam, any of several plant species of the genus dioscorea family dioscoreaceae grown for their edible tubers. The large and attractive flowers blend pink with purple. The adg in birds fed the control diet and aqueous heattreated african yam bean meal were similar. Functional properties of african yam bean sphenostylis. Genotype by environment ge interaction was significant p african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa, which is widely cultivated in africa because of its growth capability on marginal soils, was nodulated by an endosymbiont characterized and designed.
Pdf introduction of yam bean in africa researchgate. Several pests and diseases were identified on african yam bean, sphenostylis stenocarpa. Cladistic and phenetic analyses of morphological, chloroplast dna, and isozyme variation were used to examine relationships among multiple accessions of sphenostylis sten ocarpa, representing wild and cultivated populations from throughout the range of the species. Steeping increased the emulsion capacity of ayb flour over roasting and malting. Pachyrhizus is a small genus of five or six species of tropical and subtropical plants growing from large, often edible taproots. The plant known internationally as yambean is arguably one of the most interesting of all the worlds new food crops. Harms is a perennial climbing bush, m high, generally grown as an annual. Yams have both economic and social value in many growing areas. The african yam bean is also nitrogen fixer, increasing soil fertility. Yam beans are low in calories but very high in essential nutrients. The african yam bean sphenostylis stenocarpa hochst ex a. Production relies upon the cultivation of landraces and, to some extent, the collection of material from the wild. Yam bean fao food and agriculture organization of the.
The tuber is white fleshed, spindly and long like sweet potatoes but contains more protein than sweet potatoes, cassava or yams. Since the dawn of history these yamlike tubers have fed tropical americans. The present study showed that of the three colour variants of african yam bean, the black colour variant was significantly better when considered for agronomic purposes, particularly given the fact that it was highest in shoot growth and overall grain yield, compared to both brown and light grey variants. Yam refers to the edible tuber that is a part of the plant belonging to the genus dioscorea, and the family dioscoreaceae. Production relies upon the cultivation of landraces and, to. Genetic assessment of three colour variants of african yam. Feed conversion ratio was higher in birds fed raw and dehulled african yam bean meals than those that received the. Rich harms accessions were evaluated for grain yield adaptability to four agroenvironments in nigeria. The seed grains and tubers are the two major organs of.